Basic Operations with Complex Numbers
We hope that work with the complex number is quite easy because you can work with imaginary unit i as a variable. And use definition i 2 = -1 to simplify complex expressions. Many operations are the same as operations with two-dimensional vectors. Addition Very simple, add up the real parts (without i) and add up the imaginary parts (with i): This is equal to use rule: (a+b i )+(c+d i ) = (a+c) + (b+d) i (1+i) + (6-5i) = 7-4i 12 + 6-5i = 18-5i (10-5i) + (-5+5i) = 5 Subtraction Again very simple, subtract the real parts and subtract the imaginary parts (with i): This is equal to use rule: (a+b i )+(c+d i ) = (a-c) + (b-d) i (1+i) - (3-5i) = -2+6i -1/2 - (6-5i) = -6.5+5i (10-5i) - (-5+5i) = 15-10i Multiplication To multiply two complex numbers, use distributive law, avoid binomials, and apply i 2 = -1 . This is equal to use rule: (a+b i )(c+d i ) = (ac-bd) + (ad+bc) i (1+i) (3+5i) = 1*3+1*5i+i*3+i*5i = 3+5i+3i-5 = -2+8i -1/2 * (6-5i) = -3+2.5i (10-5i) * (-5+5i) = -25+75i Division